In a groundbreaking achievement for quantum computing, IBM researchers have successfully entangled 120 qubits, setting a new benchmark in the field. Their experiment resulted in a Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ) “cat state” that exhibited a fidelity of 0.56, confirming a full multi-qubit entanglement vital for the development of fault-tolerant quantum computers.
The findings, outlined in a recent report titled “Big Cats: Entanglement in 120 Qubits and Beyond,” highlight the researchers’ innovation in creating a stable and significant entangled state. This level of entanglement is a necessary precursor for quantum computers capable of running complex algorithms that could potentially breach modern encryption protocols, exacerbating concerns within the cryptocurrency community.
IBM’s feat surpasses a prior accomplishment by Google Quantum AI, which demonstrated a 105-qubit entangled state through its Willow chip. As major tech companies continue to strive for practical quantum computing solutions, IBM’s progress underscores the competitive landscape in this cutting-edge sector.
To achieve the 120 qubits, IBM employed superconducting circuits along with an adaptive compiler. This system mapped operations to the least noisy regions on the chip, enhancing performance. Additionally, they utilized a technique called temporary uncomputation, allowing qubits that had completed their tasks to rest in a stable phase before being re-engaged.
The fidelity of the quantum state was critical in validating the results, with a score of 0.5 indicating genuine quantum entanglement. Although directly verifying this result is computationally unfeasible due to the complexity involved, IBM utilized statistical shortcuts such as parity oscillation tests and Direct Fidelity Estimation to ascertain the entangled nature of the qubits.
This advancement introduces significant implications for Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies, highlighting vulnerabilities in their current encryption methods. Although IBM’s quantum system is far from capable of executing such an attack, the progress made inches the industry closer to a future where cryptography used to secure digital assets could be compromised.
Project 11, a quantum computing research group, has pointed out that roughly 6.6 million Bitcoin, valued at approximately $767.28 billion, could be at risk from potential quantum computing threats. This includes the coins held by Bitcoin’s pseudonymous creator, Satoshi Nakamoto, adding layers of controversy regarding how to address the security of these assets.
As quantum computing technology advances—IBM aims for fault-tolerant systems by 2030, while other tech giants pursue similar goals—the looming threat to digital currencies becomes more tangible. The stakes have never been higher as researchers strive to understand and mitigate the potential risks associated with quantum computing in the realm of cybersecurity.
